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QUICK ANSWER
"Quien" is a form of "quien", a pronoun which is often translated as "who". "El que" is a phrase which is often translated as "the one that". Learn more about the difference between "el que" and "quien" below.
el que
A phrase is a group of words commonly used together (e.g., once upon a time).
phrase
a. the one that
¿Cuál es tu carro? - El que está estacionado junto al árbol.Which one is your car? - The one that is parked by the tree.
b. whichever
¿Qué camino elijo? - El que elijas te llevará a la aventura.What path should I choose? - Whichever you choose will take you on an adventure.
c. the one who (person)
El que pestañee primero pierde.Whoever blinks first loses.
d. whoever (person)
Chicos, el que salga último tiene que cerrar la puerta con llave.Guys, whoever leaves last has to lock the door.
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quien()
A pronoun is a word that stands in for a noun (e.g., she).
pronoun
a. who
Fue tu hermana quien me había llevado a la escuela.It was your sister who took me to school.
b. whom
La persona a quien le debo todos mis éxitos es mi mamá.The person to whom I owe all my success is my mom.
a. anyone
Puedes elegir a quien quieras siempre y cuando levanten la mano.You can choose anyone you like as long as they raise their hand.
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